Internet:
A global network called the Internet connects the World Wide Web to billions of devices. It uses the TCP/IP standard internet protocol suite to link billions of computer users worldwide. Optical fiber lines and other wireless and networking technologies connect it. The Internet is the fastest means of data and information sharing and communication between computers globally.
How does it work?
When you start your computer and enter a domain name in your browser's search box, your browser asks the DNS server to provide the appropriate IP address. Once the browser has the IP address, it sends the request to the correct server.
When the server receives a request to offer details on a particular website, the data begins to flow. The data is transmitted digitally or as light pulses over optical fiber links. The data may have to travel thousands of kilometers across an optical fiber connection to reach your computer because the servers are remote.
A router is attached to the optical fiber, transforming light signals into electrical signals. These electrical impulses are sent from your computer to another computer via an Ethernet cable. As a result, you get the information you want via the internet, which is just a cable connecting you to the server.
A cell tower receives the data from the optical cable. They are converted into electromagnetic waves and sent to your cell phone if you use wireless internet via wifi or mobile data.
The United States-based ICANN (Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers) oversees the internet. It handles the issuance of IP addresses, domain name registration, etc.
On the internet, data transfer happens quite quickly. When you press enter, the server thousands of kilometers away from you immediately sends you the information. The rate is made possible by sending the data as binary (0, 1) packets, which are small enough to be conveyed at high speeds.