1. Bus Topology
Every node, or piece of equipment linked to the network, is
connected to a single main cable line in a bus topology. Data is sent from one
location to another along a single path. Data cannot be transmitted both ways.
Linear Bus Topology is the name given when this topology has exactly two
terminals. Small networks are where it is most frequently employed.
2. Ring Topology
The
nodes are linked together in a closed-loop manner in the ring network topology.
While some rings can only transmit data in one direction, others can transmit
data in both directions. Since traffic can flow in either direction to reach a
node, bidirectional ring networks are more resilient than bus networks. The
most common type of ring network is a metro network based on Synchronous
Optical Network technology.
3. Star
Topology
A
network structure known as a "star topology" has all nodes connected
to the hub, which serves as the center node, by cables. Active hubs contain
repeaters, but passive hubs are non-intelligent nodes. Each node has a
reserved link to the central node, which serves as a repeater for data
transmission.
4. Mesh Topology
The mesh network structure connects nodes by
connections, allowing different paths to pass through at least some network
nodes. If every node in a network has a direct link to every other node, the
network is said to be completely meshed. If only some nodes have numerous
connections to other nodes, the network is said to have partially meshed. Although
combining several pathways increases resilience, it also raises expenses.
However, specialized links require more room.
5. Tree Topology
The topology of a tree network has one root node
and a hierarchy connecting all other nodes. In a star-like arrangement, the
topology is itself connected.
6. Hybrid Topology
A network topology that
combines two or more different topologies is known as a hybrid topology. It is
an expensive topology but one that is also dependable and scalable. The
topologies used to build it have both positive and negative effects.